Activity 3: Common Molecules, Structures and Names

1.     Post a picture of three 3-dimensional Ball and Stick molecular models(choose your three favorite molecules) that you have created with common items around your home. Also post a molecular structure image(image from the web, of either a Kekule Structure or a Ball and Stick Model) and the IUPAC name of the molecule. 

a.      Water

b.     Carbon Dioxide

c.      Cyanogen Chloride

  
2.     Post an image from the web, the chemical systematic (IUPAC) name, common name, and the molecule formula for 20 chemicals that you use or eat. Explore the ingredients of things like cosmetics and foods.

1. Sugar,

C12H22O11

 (2R,3R,4S,5S,6R)-2-[(2S,3S,4S,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-3,4,5-triol

 2. Cocoa Powder

 C₇H₈N₄O₂

 3,7-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione

3. High Fructose Corn Syrup

1,3,4,5,6-Pentahydroxyhex-2-one

C₆H₁₂O₆

4. Cocaine
methyl (1R,2R,3S,5S)-3- (benzoyloxy)-8-methyl-8-azabicyclo[3.2.1] octane-2-carboxylateC17H21NO4

5. Methamphetamine
N-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine
C10H15N

6.

Lysergic acid diethylamide
C20H25N3O
(6aR,9R)- N,N- diethyl- 7-methyl- 4,6,6a,7,8,9- hexahydroindolo- [4,3-fg] quinoline- 9-carboxamide

7. Alcohol
C2H6Oethanol

8. Vinegar
C2H4O2
Acetic acid

9. Baking Soda

Sodium bicarbonate
Sodium hydrogen carbonate

10. Adderall

1-phenylpropan-2-amineC9H13N

11. Table Salt
NaCl
Sodium chloride

12. Vanilla

4-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde

C₈H₈O₃

13. Aspirin
C9H8O42-acetoxybenzoic acid

14. Hydrogen peroxide
2(HO)
dihydrogen dioxide

15. Propane
C3H8Propane

16. Sulfuric acid
H2SO4
Sulfuric acid

17. Nicotine
3-[1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl]pyridineC₁₀H₁₄N₂

18. Cornstarch
C₂₇H₄₈O₂₀5-[5-[3,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[[3,
4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-5-methoxyoxan-2-yl]oxymethyl]-3,
4-dihydroxyoxan-2-yl]oxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyloxane-3,4-diol

19. Carbonated water
H₂CO3
Carbonic acid

20. Citric acid

2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
C₆H₈O₇

3. Look over your molecules and the bonding characteristics, how many bonds does each of the following elements typically have?  Carbon? Hydrogen? Oxygen?

•  Carbon: 4 bonds
• Hydrogen: 1 bond
• Oxygen: 2 bonds

4. What does IUPAC stand for?

•   IUPAC: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

5. As you explore ingredients, notice how everything around us is made up of chemicals consisting of atoms bound together into molecules.  But what about companies that claim their products are chemical free! How can this be?  Here is an example:
http://www.naturalhealthcareproducts.com/Cleaning-Products.php
Do a little web searching and propose what chemicals are actually in this product. Keep in mind, that everything at the molecular level is a chemical, whether it be made in nature or in a lab.

• "Naturally occurring substances that may replace synthesized cleaning products include vinegar, lemon juice and baking soda.^[4] Lemon juice may be used as a degreaser in the place of cleaners that contain chemically active solvents such as 2-butoxyethanol. Vinegar is another popular replacement for acidic cleaners that kill most bacteria and germs because the acetic acid it contains that can upset pH balance. Baking soda, sodium bicarbonate, is an alkaline, buffering compound that can replace cleaners as it neutralizes the pH of the surrounding environment. The neutralizing and buffering capacity of baking soda make it a very effective cleaning product that also refrains from negatively affecting the environment.^[4]"
   
   http://green.wikia.com/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_cleaning_agents